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This article will show how to enable rudimentary CMYK support in Gimp using the Separate and Separate+ plug-ins, and explain how to use color proof filter to soft-proof your images. It will also cover more general topics on CMYK colors and DTP.
- 2Limitations
- 6Getting the software
- 6.1Separate plug-in for Gimp
- 6.2Separate+ plug-in
- 6.3Install ICC profiles
- 9Soft-proofing with Display Filters
Before you read
Before you install the Separate or Separate+ plug-in for Gimp, you need to know if you really need it.
There has been much debate about the merits of using Gimp. Most of the heated discussions revolve around the fact that Gimp does not support CMYK mode. However, you have to understand that the topic is more important to DTP professionals than other users (photographers, web artists, home users).
CMYK color model (or CMYK mode) is used mostly by DTP professionals that need to output images intended for commercial printing. For an average home user or even professional photographers, support for separating images using CMYK color is not necessary.
Even when you see Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black cartridges in your ink-jet or color laser printer, it doesn't mean that you need to feed it a CMYK file. In fact, most of them actually accept only RGB images or convert CMYK images to RGB internally.
Limitations
Using the methods below has some limitations in comparison to proprietary tools. Namely, Separate+ and its predecessors have no support for GCR (Grey Component Replacement) and UCR (Undercolor Removal). Also, Separate plugin (not Separate+) has no support for clipping path, and there is no support for opening CMYK files in either Separate or Separate+.
While undercolor removal is supported by Scribus, grey component replacement is not supported by any graphical tool on Linux as of this writing.
What you will need
You will need Gimp (of course), either Separate or Separate+ plugins, and ICC profiles. All of this can be installed from AUR. Peakhour 4 4 0 2.
About CMYK color model
If you are not interested in the theory, you may skip straight to the heading on CMYK color support in GIMP.
First off, the proper name for CMYK mode, as it is commonly known, is CMYK color model. It is called a color model, because it represents a standard way of describing colors.
The color model is also called a subtractive color model, as opposed to additive (that is RGB) color model. Words additive and subtractive suggest that light, which is essential for perception of color, is either added or subtracted before it reaches the eye. The choice of primary colors is based on belief that the combination of Red, Green, and Blue (for RGB) or Cyan, Magenta, Yellow (for CMYK) produce the greatest range visible colors.
Subtraction of light occurs when an ink absorbs part of the light that falls on it. The rest is reflected and reaches our eyes. Different inks absorb different parts of the light's spectrum, and the combination of C-M-Y inks yields the greatest range of different colors.
Ideally, subtraction of all light, that is when Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow are mixed together at their full density, we should get black (i.e., no light reflected, fully absorbed by ink). However, this is usually not true in the real world because the inks are semi-transparent and the white paper below reflects some of the light. The use of additional Black ink in printing (K in CMYK stands for Key, or blacK) is due to this fact. It adds the necessary density to the image and makes black a black.
When printing an image on a commercial press, it needs to be printed one primary (or Black) at a time. Therefore the original (usually a digital RGB image, or a printed photograph) needs to be separated into Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black components.
The lack of support for this kind of separation made Gimp unattractive to DTP professionals.
About ICC color profiles
Since reproduction of both RGB and CMYK colors are specific to the device (or inks) used to produce images, a concept of color-spaces was invented. Color-spaces formulate the relationship of physical color and the color model that we use to describe them. Those relationships (functions) can be packaged as a file in the form of ICC profiles.
The ICC profiles are used to describe the way colors are reproduced in a system, be it a monitor, a scanner, or a printing press. When separating images for press, we use the source profile (the color-space of the image to be separated) and the target profile (the color-space of the printing press the image is intended for).
About CMYK color and Gimp
Gimp still lacks full CMYK color model support. The ability to separate and then edit an image in CMYK mode is still a long way down the list of features to be added. However, there is a plug-in called Separate that offers a partial solution to the problem.
Separate plugin has following abilities:
- separate a RGB image
- color management (using ICC profiles and lcms)
- soft-proofing colors
- attach ICC profiles to separated image files
Zip file maker. Separate+ plug-in has the same features as Separate, but it also has:
- ability to convert from one RGB profile to another
- duotone support
Gimp itself offers a smaller set of CMYK-related functions:
- display of CMYK values when using color picker
- soft-proofing colors via Display Filters (not recommended)
- soft-proofing colors via color management settings
Getting the software
Separate plug-in for Gimp
Installing using AUR
Install gimp-plugin-separateAUR[broken link: archived in aur-mirror].
Installing Separate manually
Once you have obtained the source tarball, you can unpack it using the usual tar command:
where VERSION would be the version of Separate plug-in (0.1 at the time of this writing).
Separation Studio 2 0 1 – Basic Cmyk Color Separation Chart
Copy a file called separate (located inside the extracted separate directory) into Gimp's plug-in directory:
where GIMPVERSION would be the major version number of Gimp (2.0 at the time of this writing).
When you start Gimp the Separate will be recognized and reachable through Image > Separate menu.
Separate+ plug-in
Installing binary version from Painters Studio repository
Painters Studio repository hosts binary packages for Separate+ plugin. To obtain the plugin, add one of the following two repositories to your pacman.conf:
Then install the gimp-plugin-separate+AUR package.
Installing using AUR
Install the gimp-plugin-separate+AUR package. Movavi video editor.
Installing manually
To install manually, get the zip file from Sourceforge.jp download page, unpack it and issue the following commands:
If you do not have sudo on your system, you can build like this:
When you start Gimp the Separate+ will be reachable through Image > Separate menu.
Install ICC profiles
If you are using the Separate plug-in package from AUR, you already have the profiles installed. However, if you built Separate yourself, or you are using Separate+, you will need to install ICC profiles.
Installing from AUR
To install ICC profiles from AUR, you need to get eci-iccAUR and/or adobe-iccAUR packages (and optionally srgb-iccAUR[broken link: archived in aur-mirror] package) and install them with makepkg.
Install manually
Before you download and install profiles manually, you need to know that the standard location for ICC profiles is /usr/share/color/icc. You have to create this directory and copy any profiles there. Another standard location is ~/.color/icc.
You can obtain ICC profiles from Adobe and ECI.
Extract the downloaded zip file(s) and copy the contents of CMYK and RGB directories into one of the directories we have mentioned above.
Separating a RGB image
Open an image in Gimp. From the Image menu, open the Separate sub-menu and pick Separate (to Colour).
Choose a source (RGB) and destination (target, CMYK) profile and click OK.
This will open another window with the CMYK color version. You can see that there are 5 layers total.
Separation Studio 2 0 1 – Basic Cmyk Color Separation Scheme
Pick Save. (or Export. in Separate+) from the Separate sub-menu and save the file in TIFF format with an attached (embedded) ICC profile.
You can only separate flattened images, so it is recommended that you save a new copy of the image before you create the CMYK TIFF.
Working on a separated image
If you want to work on a separated image you need to be intimately familiar with the way CMYK images work. Jackpot wheel casino no deposit bonus. If you look at Gimp's Layers window after separating an image, you will witness the ingenious way in which the separation is done. However, editing the image is not as simple as with proprietary software like Adobe's Photoshop.
Basically, you need to work with grayscale values of each primary color (plus Black). All the tools are available, but you only get apply them layer by layer and in grayscale.
Soft-proofing with Display Filters
Given the circumstances, the best way to create a solid CMYK image would be to work in RGB mode, but enable soft-proofing. Soft-proofing is the method of adjusting the on-screen display of colors to match the final print. In the newer versions of The GIMP, soft-proofing is made possible via Display Filters.
Go to the View menu and pick Display Filters. option. From the list of available filters, pick Color Proof (at the bottom in The GIMP version 2.2.13). Click on the right arrow button between the two lists and the Color Proof filter will be placed into the list of active filters. Click on it (the one in the active filters list) and you will get a few options below.
Although this seems very convenient, experience has proven that this is not a reliable method of soft-proofing. Instead of soft-proofing using the display filter, you are advised to properly configure Gimp's color management system and enable the Print simulation mode.
Intent
The color proof (rendering) intent can be one of the following:
- perceptual
- relative colorimetric
- saturation
- absolute colorimetric
Perceptual and relative colorimetric are most common.
Perceptual compresses or expands the full color range of source color-space into the full color range of target color-space. Reelsmart motion blur 5 2.
Relative colorimetric intent adjusts the white (white point) of source space and then adjusts the rest of the source colors accordingly. Source colors outside the target space are mapped to closest reproducible colors. In some software, this is also called proof intent.
Saturation intent keeps the saturation of the source colors even if the colors get distorted in the target space. This intent is still considered experimental and you may get unexpected (if not undesirable) results.
Absolute colorimetric leaves overlap of source and target space intact and maps source colors outside the target space are mapped to closest reproducible colors.
Profile
For color proofing, we usually use the profile of the device that image is to be printed on. For testing purposes, you may use any of the Adobe profiles mentioned above.
Soft-proofing with Separate's proof function
Separate itself offers a way of soft-proofing color. This method of soft-proofing is not dynamic: it does not update as you edit the image, but acts more like a one-time preview. However, it is far more accurate than The GIMP's soft-proofing using Color Proof display filter. Basically, the proof function converts the image to RGB space using absolute colorimetric intent. It is supposed to offer a side-by-side match to the printed copy.
To soft-proof with Separate's proof function, you first separate an image and then pick Proof from Separate sub-menu. Source profile is your minitor's RGB profile (you can use lprof to profile your monitor and create an ICC profile). The destination profile is the ICC profile of a your image will be output to.
Click OK and you will be presented with an RGB image of how the printed image would look like.
Soft-proofing with Separate+'s proof function
Separate+ acts the same way as Separate.
See also
Related software:
- cmyktool is a standalone program for soft-proofing in CMYK which may be useful if you need to send CMYK to a printer (especially where you want to tweak pure black to avoid halos)
Color Separation is the process of converting an image, such as photograph, into a set of colors that can be printed. Color separations for screen printing can be made using ®Adobe Photoshop.
Images are converted from RGB to spot colors for screen printing.
When an image is brought into ®Adobe Photoshop, it is usually in a color mode compatible with the device that it was created on. This is often the RGB color mode, which is a common mode for digital cameras and computer monitors. The RGB mode is based on the blending of Red, Green and Blue light. To screen print an image, the colors must be converted to a combination of colors compatible with screen printing. The resulting set of colors is called a Color Separation.
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Color separations for garment printing are generally divided into 3 types:
• Process color
• Simulated process
• Spot color
Process color separations use Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black (CMYK) to create the colors in an image. Process color separations can be made by converting a file from the RGB Mode to the CMYK mode using Adobe Photoshop®. CMYK inks are transparent and blend on press. How do i download audacity software.
A Process color separation uses Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black
Process color printing usually requires more then just the 4 basic CMYK colors for a quality print. Adding a highlight white helps to control the lighter color ranges. Additional custom colors may also be included for spot color matching or out of gamut colors.
• Recommended for white or light colored garments. Increased difficulty on dark garments
• Requires the least number of screens for a full color image.
The Simulated Process technique offers the ability to print full color images on light or dark substrates. The inks used with this technique are semi-transparent, providing better coverage. but also blend on press like the Process colors.
A simulated process separation can be printed with a limited color palette.
Like Process printing, Simulated Process techniques may use a standard set of colors (6 or more) for most images. Separations can be customized for the image type and number of screens available.
• Requires a moderate number of screens for a full color image.
• Semi-opaque inks provide better coverage over dark garments.
• Uses a standard set of colors.
Spot colors:
Spot colors may be added to other types of separations, or used to create custom separations. A spot color will match specific colors in an image and will often be set to a Pantone® solid color. In addition to even better coverage over dark garments, spot colors offer more consistency while printing and between print runs.
A spot color separation using specific custom colors.
• Spot color Inks can be opaque or semi-opaque.
• Offers best coverage and color matching on dark substrates.
• Requires the most screens for a full color image.
A color separation may use combination of these three separation styles, depending on the press and design requirements. For instance, a process color separation will often benefit from the addition of a spot color to increase the color range. A simulated process print may also include a process color or a custom spot color as needed. In practice, customized color separations are often used due to different printer/design requirements.
Separation Studio 2 0 1 – Basic Cmyk Color Separation Software
A customized process separation using a spot red and a highlight white
Separation Studio 2 0 1 – Basic Cmyk Color Separation Paper
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